setup
setup — 動詞
1. to lift something off the ground and put it somewhere above the floor, such as o
高掛;架高
把物品舉起放到高處
to lift something off the ground and put it somewhere above the floor, such as on a wall, shelf, or pole.
Zuri set the heavy mirror up on the wall above the fireplace.
Zuri 把那面大鏡子掛在壁爐上方的牆上。
separable: set + [object] + up
The workers set up a large sign above the entrance to the night market.
工人們在夜市入口上方架起了一個大招牌。
During the festival, volunteers set up flags on every rooftop in the village.
節日期間,義工們在村莊的每棟屋頂都升起了旗子。
Reema asked her uncle to set up the new basketball hoop in the driveway.
Reema 請叔叔在車道上架起新的籃球架。
文法句型
set + [object] + up
set up + [object]
用法筆記
The object can go between 'set' and 'up' (set the mirror up) or after 'up' (set up the mirror). If the object is a pronoun, it must go between: set it up, NOT set up it.
常見錯誤
2. to arrange goods, artwork, or other items in a visible place so that people can
展示;陳列
把商品或物品擺出來讓人觀看
to arrange goods, artwork, or other items in a visible place so that people can look at them or buy them.
The shop owner sets up a table of fresh fruit outside every morning.
店家老闆每天早上都在門口擺出一桌新鮮水果。
Indra set her paintings up along the gallery wall for the weekend exhibition.
Indra 把她的畫沿著藝廊牆面擺好,準備週末的展覽。
separable: set + [possessive] + [object] + up
Museum staff carefully set up ancient pottery inside glass cabinets.
博物館工作人員小心地把古代陶器陳列在玻璃櫃裡。
The market sellers set their goods out on colourful blankets along the riverside path.
市集攤販在河邊的小徑上鋪上彩色毛毯,擺出他們的貨品。
- pack away
to put items back into storage after display
文法句型
set up + [object]
set + [object] + up (for display)
用法筆記
Often used in commercial or exhibition contexts. Can be confused with 'set out' which also means to arrange for display but tends to emphasise a neat, orderly arrangement.
3. to present an idea, plan, or suggestion to a person or group so that it can be d
提出
提出計畫或建議供討論
to present an idea, plan, or suggestion to a person or group so that it can be discussed and perhaps agreed upon.
Iker set up a new plan for cutting energy costs at the factory.
Iker 提出了一項在工廠節省能源開支的新計畫。
The committee set up a few options for improving the local park.
委員會提出了幾個改善當地公園的方案。
Beatriz set up a schedule that gave everyone fair time off during the holidays.
Beatriz 制定了一個排班表,讓大家在假期間都有公平的休假時間。
The students set up their idea for a recycling programme to the school principal.
學生們向校長提出了資源回收計畫的構想。
- propose
more formal; common in business meetings
- put forward
phrasal verb; same register and meaning
- suggest
less formal; implies less formal structure
- withdraw
to take back a proposal or suggestion
文法句型
set up + [plan/proposal/scheme]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 6 (CREATE): sense 3 is about presenting a plan for discussion; sense 6 is about bringing something into existence. The plan in sense 3 may or may not be adopted.
4. to put the parts of something together so that it stands firmly in an upright po
豎立;架設
組裝物品使其直立並準備使用
to put the parts of something together so that it stands firmly in an upright position and is ready to use.
Eve set the tent up in the backyard before the camping trip.
Eve 在露營之前在後院搭好了帳篷。
separable: set + [object] + up
The construction crew set up scaffolding around the old church tower.
建築工人在那座古老的教堂周圍搭起了鷹架。
Femi set up a small bookcase in the corner of his bedroom.
Femi 在房間角落立起了一個小書櫃。
Volunteers set up tables and chairs in the hall for the charity dinner.
義工們在大廳裡擺好桌椅,準備慈善晚宴。
The crew set up the stage lighting an hour before the show began.
工作人員在演出開始前一小時把舞台燈光架設好了。
文法句型
set up + [object]
set + [object] + up
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (RAISE HIGH): sense 1 focuses on height (lifting onto a wall or shelf), while sense 4 focuses on assembling an upright object (tent, bookcase, scaffolding) from its parts on the ground.
5. to change the controls or settings of a device or system so that it works in the
調校;設定
調整設備讓它準備好使用
to change the controls or settings of a device or system so that it works in the way you need it to.
Rania set up the coffee machine to brew a fresh pot every morning.
Rania 把咖啡機設定好,讓它每天早上煮一壺新鮮咖啡。
Christopher set up the alarm system before the family left for holiday.
Christopher 在全家出門度假前設定好了警報系統。
The sound engineer set up the volume levels for each microphone on stage.
音響工程師調整了舞台上每支麥克風的音量。
Élise set up the timer on the oven before putting the cake inside.
Élise 在把蛋糕放進烤箱之前設定好了定時器。
Zuri set up the video call so the Taipei office could join the meeting.
Zuri 設定好了視訊通話,讓臺北辦公室可以加入會議。
文法句型
set up + [device/machine/system]
set + [device] + up
用法筆記
The most frequent sense across all uses of 'set up'. The object is typically a device, machine, or software configuration. Unlike sense 4, the object may already be assembled but not yet configured correctly.
常見錯誤
6. to bring something into existence by making the necessary arrangements, such as
創立;建立
透過安排使某事物得以成立
to bring something into existence by making the necessary arrangements, such as a fund, business, committee, or system.
The charity set up a fund to help families whose homes were damaged.
慈善機構設立了一項基金,幫助房屋受損的家庭。
common collocation: set up a fund
The university set up a scholarship for students from low-income backgrounds.
那所大學為來自低收入家庭的學生設立了一項獎學金。
Beatriz set up a blog to share her Korean recipes with friends around the world.
Beatriz 創立了一個部落格,與世界各地的朋友分享她的韓國食譜。
The school set up a committee to look into better playground equipment.
學校成立了一個委員會,負責研究更好的遊樂場設備。
Eri set up an online store to sell handmade jewellery from her home.
Eri 在家開了一家網路商店,販售手作飾品。
- close down
to end the operations of a business or organisation
- abolish
formal; to officially put an end to a system or institution
文法句型
set up + [fund/scholarship/committee/blog]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sibling sense 11 (verb/11: FOUND): sense 6 covers a wider range of creations (fund, blog, committee, store), while verb/11 focuses specifically on founding institutions such as a company, organisation, or city.
7. to place someone in a position of authority or give them an official role within
任命
指派某人擔任某職位或職務
to place someone in a position of authority or give them an official role within an organization.
The board set up Ms. Okonkwo as the new director of finance.
董事會任命 Okonkwo 女士擔任新的財務總監。
setup + object + as + role: appointing to a position
The committee will set up a younger member to lead the project team.
委員會將指派一位較年輕的成員來領導專案團隊。
Hoa was set up as the head of the new research unit at the university.
Hoa 被任命為大學新研究單位的負責人。
The church set him up to serve as the community liaison for the annual festival.
教會指派他擔任年度社區活動的聯絡人。
- dismiss
to remove someone from a position
文法句型
setup + object + as + role
setup + object + to-infinitive
用法筆記
Frequently used in passive constructions ('be set up as') and often followed by a role or title. The object is the person receiving the position.
常見錯誤
8. to bring two people together so that a romantic connection may develop between t
撮合
安排兩人認識以發展戀情
to bring two people together so that a romantic connection may develop between them; to act as a matchmaker.
Saira asked her best friend to set her up with someone from the yoga class.
Saira 請她最好的朋友幫忙撮合瑜伽課上認識的一個人。
setup + person + with + person: matchmaking pattern
Eve and Darius were set up by their coworkers at the holiday party.
Eve 和 Darius 是在公司的年終派對上被同事撮合的。
passive: were set up by [matchmaker]
His aunt keeps trying to set him up with her neighbour's daughter.
他阿姨一直想撮合他和鄰居的女兒。
I told my sister I was not interested in being set up again.
我跟姐姐說我沒興趣再被撮合了。
文法句型
setup + person + with + person
用法筆記
The matchmaker is the subject; the two potential partners are the object (one person) and the prepositional object (the other person) linked by 'with'.
常見錯誤
9. to make someone feel happier, more confident, or proud after a period of sadness
振奮
讓某人開心或有自信
to make someone feel happier, more confident, or proud after a period of sadness or low spirits.
Winning the student award really set Benjamin up for the rest of the term.
拿到學生獎項讓 Benjamin 在那學期接下來的日子都充滿信心。
The surprise visit from her old classmates set Élise up and she smiled all evening.
老同學的突然來訪讓 Élise 心情大好,整晚都笑容滿面。
A few kind words from the coach set the nervous player up before the match.
教練的幾句暖心話讓緊張的選手在重要比賽前振作了起來。
Getting the promotion set him up so much that he called his mother right away.
升職的消息讓他振奮不已,立刻打電話告訴媽媽。
- bring down
to make someone feel sad or discouraged
文法句型
setup + object
用法筆記
Often used in the context of a single event or compliment that changes someone's mood. The feeling can be pride, confidence, or general happiness — not necessarily from sadness.
10. to present or describe yourself as a particular type of person, especially one t
自居
把自己說成/表現成某種人
to present or describe yourself as a particular type of person, especially one that you want others to believe you are.
Andrés set himself up as an expert in traditional farming methods.
Andrés 以傳統農法專家自居。
setup + reflexive + as: presenting oneself
The company set itself up as a leader in green technology.
該公司以綠色科技領導者自居。
After losing her teaching job, Maya set herself up as a private tutor.
Maya 失去教職後,以私人教師的身分自居。
Mizuki set herself up as the go-to person for translation work in the office.
Mizuki 以辦公室翻譯工作首選人選自居。
- pose as
almost always implies false or exaggerated claims
- present oneself as
neutral; can be honest or deceptive
- claim to be
focuses on verbal assertion rather than overall presentation
文法句型
setup + reflexive pronoun + as + noun
用法筆記
Always used with a reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves) followed by 'as'. Can describe honest self-promotion or false claims, depending on context.
11. to start or establish an organization, company, institution, or system — bringin
創立
創辦機構、公司或系統
to start or establish an organization, company, institution, or system — bringing it into existence for the first time.
Hoa and her partners set up a small coffee shop near the train station.
Hoa 和她的合夥人在火車站附近開了一家小咖啡店。
setup + [business]: founding an enterprise
The charity was set up in 2018 to support children's education in rural areas.
這個慈善機構成立於 2018 年,旨在支援偏鄉兒童的教育。
passive: was set up in [year]
James set up a scholarship fund for students from low-income families.
James 設立了一個獎學金基金,幫助低收入家庭的學生。
The artists' cooperative set up an online platform where local artists could sell their work.
藝術家合作社建立了一個線上平台,讓本地藝術家可以在上面販售作品。
文法句型
setup + organization / institution
用法筆記
Can be distinguished from sense 11 (PLAN) by the result: this sense creates a lasting entity, while sense 11 creates a scheme or plan of action. The object is typically an organization, business, program, or system.
常見錯誤
12. to plan or arrange something in careful detail beforehand, often in a way that i
策劃
事先詳細安排計畫或情境
to plan or arrange something in careful detail beforehand, often in a way that influences the outcome.
The whole event was set up to look like a spontaneous celebration.
整場活動都是事先策劃好的,看起來像是一場即興慶祝。
passive: be set up to-infinitive, suggesting careful pre-planning
Obi set up a meeting between the two departments to resolve the dispute.
Obi 安排了兩個部門之間的會議來解決糾紛。
The interview questions were clearly set up to make the politician look bad.
那些訪談問題明顯是精心設計,要讓那位政治人物難堪。
Eitan set up a series of workshops to train new staff members.
Eitan 籌劃了一系列工作坊來培訓新進員工。
- prearrange
formal; emphasizes that things were decided before the event
- orchestrate
suggests invisible control and coordination
- rig
negative connotation; implies dishonest manipulation
- improvise
to do things without advance preparation
文法句型
setup + object (plan / scheme)
be set up + to-infinitive
用法筆記
When used without an object ('everything is set up for tomorrow'), this sense overlaps with more general preparation senses (see verb_b4 senses). The key distinction: this sense emphasizes advance planning and design of a scenario or scheme.
13. to trick someone into appearing guilty of a crime or wrongdoing, often by placin
陷害
用欺騙手段使某人看似有罪
to trick someone into appearing guilty of a crime or wrongdoing, often by placing false evidence or arranging a deceptive situation.
Diego claimed his business partner had set him up to take the blame for the missing money.
Diego 聲稱他的生意夥伴陷害他,讓他為那筆丟失的錢承擔責任。
The police discovered that someone had set up the suspect by putting stolen goods in his car.
警方發現有人把贓物放進嫌犯的車裡來陷害他。
passive or active: set + person + up + by + [method]
Luca realized the whole deal was a trick to set him up for a crime.
Luca 意識到整筆交易是個陷阱,目的是要陷害他犯下他沒做過的罪。
Tanvi worried that her colleague was trying to set her up as the one responsible for the accounting error.
Tanvi 擔心同事正試圖陷害她,讓她為帳務錯誤負責。
In the movie, the hero is set up by a corrupt official and thrown into prison.
電影裡,主角被一個貪官陷害,然後被關進了監獄。
- frame
more direct and common in crime contexts; no preposition needed
- entrap
formal, used mainly in legal contexts
- incriminate falsely
clinical register; less common in everyday speech
- exonerate
to prove someone is innocent
文法句型
set + object + up
be set up (passive)
用法筆記
Frequently used in the passive voice (be set up) when the focus is on the victim. The object must be a person; the means of deception is introduced with by or for.
常見錯誤
14. to give someone the money, property, or practical resources they need to live in
資助;安頓
提供金錢或資源使能獨立生活
to give someone the money, property, or practical resources they need to live independently or begin a new stage of life.
Nala's uncle set her up in a small apartment near the university so she could focus on her studies.
Nala 的叔叔替她在大學附近安頓了一間小公寓,讓她能專心念書。
set + person + up + in + [place]
After the fire destroyed their home, the community raised money to set the family up in a new place.
大火燒毀他們的家後,社區募款幫助這家人安頓到新住處。
Lisa's parents set her up with enough savings to start her own business after graduation.
Lisa 的父母資助她足夠的積蓄,讓她畢業後能創業。
Yan used his inheritance to set his younger brother up as the owner of a small grocery store.
Yan 用繼承的遺產資助弟弟成為一家小雜貨店的老闆。
文法句型
set + object + up + with/in/as
用法筆記
The preposition following up (with / in / as) signals the type of provision: with introduces resources, in introduces a location, as introduces a role or position.
15. to help someone regain their physical strength or mental well-being after illnes
恢復體力
幫助恢復健康或元氣
to help someone regain their physical strength or mental well-being after illness, injury, or exhaustion.
A week of rest and good food set Diego up after his long battle with the flu.
一週的休息和營養的食物讓 Diego 在重感冒後恢復了元氣。
The mountain air and daily walks set Eli up better than any medicine could have.
山區的空氣和每天的散步讓 Eli 恢復得比任何藥物都有效。
set + person + up (no object separator)
After the surgery, the nurses set Théo up with a careful diet and gentle daily exercise.
手術後,護理師用營養餐和溫和運動幫助 Théo 恢復體力。
The hot springs and fresh food set the tired hikers up within just a few days.
溫泉和新鮮的食物在短短幾天內就讓疲憊的登山客恢復了體力。
- revive
suggests bringing back from near-collapse
- restore
broader; can apply to health, order, or confidence
- rehabilitate
formal; implies a structured program of recovery
- weaken
to make someone less strong or healthy
文法句型
set + object + up
set + object + up + with/in
用法筆記
Close in meaning to sense 9 (CHEER UP), which focuses on emotional mood. This sense focuses on physical or overall health recovery. The subject is often rest, treatment, or care, not a person.
常見錯誤
16. to make someone develop a strong, well-shaped body through regular physical trai
鍛鍊體魄
透過訓練塑造結實體態
to make someone develop a strong, well-shaped body through regular physical training or military drill.
The army sergeant set the new recruits up with daily runs and weight sessions.
軍中的士官長讓新兵每天跑步和做重量訓練來鍛鍊體魄。
set + person + up + with + [training routine]
Three months of boot camp set Sven up with a lean, muscular frame he had never had before.
三個月的軍事訓練營讓 Sven 練出了一副他以前從未有過的結實身材。
The coach set the team up by having them swim laps every morning before practice.
教練要求球隊每天練習前先游好幾趟來鍛鍊體魄。
Dario's personal trainer set him up with a strict routine of push-ups and pull-ups.
Dario 的私人教練用嚴格的伏地挺身和引體向上訓練來鍛鍊他的體魄。
- condition
focuses on fitness for a specific purpose (sport, military)
- shape up
informal; can be reflexive
- transform physically
descriptive rather than a direct synonym
文法句型
set + object + up + with + [exercise]
set + object + up as + [athlete/soldier]
用法筆記
Subject is typically a training programme, drill instructor, or coach. The object is a person, and the result is a physically fit appearance. Distinguish from sense 15 (RESTORE HEALTH), which addresses recovery rather than fitness-building.
17. in team sports, to position players or run planned moves in order to create a ch
佈陣
在團隊運動中安排戰術以製造得分機會
in team sports, to position players or run planned moves in order to create a chance to score points.
The quarterback set up a quick pass to the wide receiver to gain the winning yards.
四分衛佈陣快速傳球給外接員,爭取致勝碼數。
Sofia set up the final shot by passing the ball to her teammate near the basket.
Sofia 把球傳給籃下的隊友,佈陣完成最後一投。
set up + [play / shot / pass] as object
The coach set up a play that sent two runners toward the goal from different directions.
教練佈陣讓兩名跑者從不同方向朝球門衝刺。
With seconds left, Liam set up a corner kick aimed directly at the tallest defender.
時間所剩無幾,Liam 佈陣開出角球,直接瞄準最高的後衛。
- arrange
more general; lacks the sports-play specificity
- orchestrate
suggests careful coordination of multiple players
文法句型
set up + [play / pass / shot]
set + object + up
用法筆記
The object is a plan or play, not a person. To express that a player enables a teammate to score, use sense 17 of the phrasal verb 'set up' (not covered here).
常見錯誤
18. in technical drawing or geometry, to draw a straight line or geometric shape tha
作圖
在製圖或幾何中從底線畫出垂直線或圖形
in technical drawing or geometry, to draw a straight line or geometric shape that rises from a given base line at a fixed angle.
To begin the diagram, Harper set up a vertical line from the midpoint of the base.
Harper 從底線中點畫出一條垂直線,開始繪製圖表。
The architect showed the students how to set up a perpendicular from the given baseline using only a compass.
建築師示範如何用圓規從給定的基準線畫出垂直線。
set up + [geometric figure] + from + [baseline]
Noor carefully set up a triangle on the horizontal line using a ruler and compass.
Noor 用尺和圓規在水平線上仔細畫出一個三角形。
For the exam, students had to set up a rectangle on a given base line.
考試時,學生必須在給定的基準線上畫出一個矩形。
文法句型
set up + [line / figure / perpendicular] + on + [base]
用法筆記
Almost exclusively found in geometry textbooks and technical drawing instructions. The object is always a line or geometric figure (perpendicular, triangle, rectangle), never a person or machine.
19. to pull a rope, cable, strap, or similar object until it is straight, tight, and
繃緊;拉緊
拉繩索等使其繃緊
to pull a rope, cable, strap, or similar object until it is straight, tight, and has no looseness.
Theo set up the slack line between the two trees until it was firm.
Theo 把兩棵樹之間的鬆弛繩索拉緊,直到繩子繃直。
set up + line/rope (make tight)
Before the storm hit, the crew set up every rigging line on the boat.
暴風雨來臨前,船員們把船上每一條索具都拉得緊緊的。
Élise set up the clothesline so tightly that the towels hung without sagging.
Élise 把曬衣繩拉得很緊,毛巾掛上去完全不會下垂。
The circus worker set up the tightrope by pulling the cable slowly.
馬戲團工作人員慢慢拉動鋼纜,把高空鋼索繃緊。
Once the tent was up, Diya set up the guide ropes near each corner peg.
帳篷搭好後,Diya 把每個角落的木樁旁都拉緊了營繩。
- loosen
the opposite action
文法句型
set up + object (rope, cable, line)
set up + noun phrase + until/before + clause
用法筆記
Common in nautical, camping, and outdoor contexts. The object is always a flexible line or strap that can be tightened.
常見錯誤
20. to pay for food, drinks, or entertainment for another person or a group as a gen
請客;招待
為他人付費享用餐飲
to pay for food, drinks, or entertainment for another person or a group as a generous or celebratory act.
After the big sale closed, Kevin set up the whole team for a dinner downtown.
那筆大訂單成交後,Kevin 請全團隊去市區吃晚餐。
set up + someone + for + something (treat)
Dario set up the bar for everyone who stayed late to help clean up.
Dario 請所有留下來幫忙打掃的人喝酒。
When Yara got her promotion, she set up her friends for drinks at the rooftop lounge.
Yara 升職後,她請朋友們去屋頂酒吧喝酒。
The retiring professor set up coffee and pastries for the whole department.
即將退休的教授請全系的人喝咖啡、吃點心。
Chidi set up a round of milkshakes for the kids after the soccer game.
足球賽結束後,Chidi 請孩子們每人喝了一杯奶昔。
文法句型
set up + object (drinks, meal)
set up + someone
set up + someone + for + something
用法筆記
Informal and often used in bar, restaurant, or social settings. The person paying is usually celebrating an achievement or showing generosity.
21. to prepare a room, area, or outdoor space for an event or activity by placing ch
布置;準備
為活動準備場地物品
to prepare a room, area, or outdoor space for an event or activity by placing chairs, tables, equipment, and other items in their correct positions.
The volunteers set up the hall for the charity dinner with long tables and flowers.
志工們在大廳裡擺好長桌和鮮花,為慈善晚宴做準備。
set up + space + for + event
Beatriz set up the meeting room with a screen, a projector, and name cards.
Beatriz 在會議室裡準備了螢幕、投影機和名牌。
Before the wedding, the staff set up for the outdoor reception near the garden.
婚禮前,工作人員在花園旁布置了戶外婚宴場地。
Ari and Noa set up the stage with microphones and music stands.
Ari 和 Noa 在舞台上架設了麥克風和譜架。
The market traders set up their stalls at dawn every Saturday morning.
市集的攤販每週六清晨就開始擺設攤位。
文法句型
set up + object (room, stage, hall)
set up + for + event (intransitive)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 5 (ADJUST MACHINE), which focuses on configuring a device. This sense focuses on arranging furniture, decorations, or spatial elements for an event.
22. to start a business, shop, professional practice, or other operation, often afte
開業;創業
開始經營業務或專業
to start a business, shop, professional practice, or other operation, often after completing necessary training or preparation.
After five years of training, Gabriela set up as a dentist in a coastal town.
經過五年的訓練,Gabriela 在一個沿海小鎮開業當牙醫。
set up + as + profession
Hiro set up in business as a wedding photographer last spring.
Hiro 去年春天開始從事婚禮攝影。
The two brothers set up as electricians after finishing their course together.
兩兄弟完成課程後一起開業當電工。
Sophia set up as a freelance translator from a small home office.
Sophia 在家裡的小辦公室接案,成為自由譯者。
Many young chefs dream of setting up on their own one day.
許多年輕廚師夢想有一天能自行創業。
文法句型
set up + as + profession
set up + in + business/field
set up + on one's own
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 11 (FOUND OR INAUGURATE), which focuses on creating an institution or organization. Sense 22 focuses on an individual starting a professional practice or trade.
23. to claim or behave as though one has a particular skill, quality, or social posi
標榜;冒充
自稱具備某種資格或地位
to claim or behave as though one has a particular skill, quality, or social position, often when this claim is exaggerated or unwarranted.
Jude set up as a financial expert, though he had never managed his own savings.
Jude 自稱是理財專家,但他連自己的存款都沒管理過。
set up + as + noun phrase (pretend to be)
A man set up for a nobleman and tricked the villagers into giving him money.
一名男子自稱貴族,欺騙村民給他錢。
Reema set up as a traditional healer without any training in herbal medicine.
Reema 完全沒有草藥訓練,卻自稱是傳統治療師。
The author set up for a great scholar, but critics found his work shallow.
那位作家標榜自己是偉大學者,但評論家覺得他的作品很膚淺。
Defne set up as an interior designer, but her first project was a failure.
Defne 自稱是室內設計師,但她的第一個案子就失敗了。
文法句型
set up + as + noun phrase
set up + for + noun phrase
用法筆記
Often carries a negative or skeptical tone, implying the claim is exaggerated. Distinguish from sense 10 (PRESENT ONESELF AS), which is neutral and describes how someone genuinely presents their identity.
24. to become firm, solid, or rigid through cooling, drying, or a chemical process s
凝固;變硬
液態物質固化變硬的過程
to become firm, solid, or rigid through cooling, drying, or a chemical process such as setting.
The concrete set up within a few hours after being poured into the mould.
混凝土澆入模具後幾小時內就凝固了。
intransitive: set up (become solid)
The gelatin dessert set up overnight in the refrigerator.
果凍在冰箱裡放了一整晚就凝固了。
The glue needs at least twenty minutes to set up before the pieces hold together.
膠水需要至少二十分鐘才能乾固,讓零件黏在一起。
Lotte waited for the candle wax to set up before removing the mould.
Lotte 等蠟燭蠟凝固後才脫模。
The plaster set up faster than expected in the warm workshop.
在溫暖的工作室裡,石膏凝固得比預期快。
文法句型
set up (no object)
set up + in/within + time period
用法筆記
Common in materials science, cooking, and craft contexts. The subject is always a substance that undergoes a phase change from liquid or semi-liquid to solid.
常見錯誤
setup — 名詞
1. the work of making a device, tool, or machine ready so that it can start doing i
設置;安裝
調整與準備設備以便使用
the work of making a device, tool, or machine ready so that it can start doing its job
The setup of the new camera took Pim about twenty minutes before he could start filming.
新相機的安裝花了 Pim 大約二十分鐘,才能開始拍攝。
collocation: setup of [device/equipment]
Liang carefully checked the setup of the sound system before the concert began.
Liang 在音樂會開始前仔細檢查了音響系統的設置。
The manual explains the correct setup for the printer step by step.
說明書逐步解釋了印表機的正確安裝方式。
A proper setup of the microscope saves time and prevents mistakes during the experiment.
顯微鏡的正確設置能節省時間,並避免實驗中出錯。
Chiara finished the setup of the stage lights just before the actors arrived.
Chiara 在演員抵達前完成了舞台燈光的設置。
- installation
focuses on putting something in place rather than adjusting it
- preparation
broader; can apply to non-mechanical contexts
- configuration
more technical; emphasises how settings are arranged
文法句型
the setup of + noun
a + adjective + setup
用法筆記
Frequently followed by 'of' to name the device or system being prepared. Both countable (a complicated setup) and uncountable (during setup) uses are common.
常見錯誤
2. a planned move or series of moves in a sport that helps a teammate try to score
助攻;傳球
幫助隊友得分的戰術配合
a planned move or series of moves in a sport that helps a teammate try to score
The point guard made a perfect setup that allowed his teammate to score easily.
控球後衛做出了一次完美的助攻,讓隊友輕鬆得分。
sports: setup as a scoring assist
Heloísa's quick setup caught the other team off guard and led to a goal.
Heloísa 的快速傳球打了對手一個措手不及,並促成了一記進球。
Coaches often practice the setup for corner kicks during training sessions.
教練們常在訓練課中練習角球的助攻配合。
Ezra passed the ball in a clever setup that surprised everyone in the stadium.
Ezra 用一記聰明的傳球製造了助攻,讓全場觀眾大吃一驚。
文法句型
a + adjective + setup
setup + that-clause
用法筆記
Most common in basketball, football (soccer), and hockey. Closely parallels the verb sense of setting up a teammate to score.
3. the arrangement of balls on a pool or billiards table that gives a player a good
檯面布局
撞球中容易得分的球位
the arrangement of balls on a pool or billiards table that gives a player a good chance to score
Amani's shot left the balls in a perfect setup for the next player.
Amani 的出桿讓球形成了一個完美的檯面布局,有利於下一名選手。
billiards/pool: setup as ball position
Kemi studied the table setup before deciding where to hit the cue ball.
Kemi 仔細研究了球檯的布局,才決定要打哪個方向。
An experienced player knows how to create a good setup for the next turn.
有經驗的選手知道如何為下一局創造良好的檯面布局。
The setup let Eitan sink three balls with one well-aimed shot.
這樣的檯面布局讓 Eitan 一桿就進了三顆球。
文法句型
a + adjective + setup
in a + adjective + setup
用法筆記
Restricted to billiards, pool, snooker, and similar cue sports. Not used for ball position in other sports.
4. a task or competition that has been made easy on purpose so someone will succeed
輕鬆差事
故意安排得容易完成的任務
a task or competition that has been made easy on purpose so someone will succeed
The exam felt like a setup because the questions came from the study guide.
那次考試感覺像一項輕鬆差事,因為題目都出自學習指南。
informal: 'felt like a setup' meaning unfairly easy
People believed the contest was a setup to help the local team win.
人們認為那場比賽是一項安排的輕鬆差事,好讓本地隊伍獲勝。
Winning the first match was a setup, but later games were much harder.
贏得第一場比賽只是個輕鬆差事,但後面的比賽困難許多。
Layla called the test a setup after seeing how simple the questions were.
Layla 看到題目多麼簡單後,直說那考試真是個輕鬆差事。
- challenge
a difficult task that tests one's abilities
文法句型
be a + setup
look/feel like a + setup
用法筆記
Common in informal speech. Often follows the structure 'be/look/feel like a setup' to express that something seems too easy to be fair.
常見錯誤
5. a dishonest plan or scheme that someone has arranged secretly
圈套;陰謀
預先安排的不軌計畫
a dishonest plan or scheme that someone has arranged secretly
Christopher realized the business deal was a setup to steal his money.
Christopher 發現那筆商業交易是一個騙取他錢財的圈套。
collocation: a setup to [do something]
The police discovered the robbery was a setup by someone inside the bank.
警方發現那起搶劫是銀行內部人員設下的圈套。
Sana refused to sign because she suspected a setup behind the offer.
Sana 拒絕簽字,因為她懷疑這項提議背後有圈套。
What looked like a generous offer turned out to be a clever setup.
看似慷慨的提議,到頭來卻是一場巧妙的圈套。
- scheme
broader; can be neutral or negative depending on context
- plot
suggests a secret plan involving multiple people
- conspiracy
stronger; implies an illegal or harmful plan
- trap
focuses on the act of catching someone rather than the plan itself
文法句型
be a + setup
a setup to + infinitive
suspect a + setup
用法筆記
The noun refers to the scheme itself, while the verb 'set up' can describe the act of planning it. Often used in crime and business contexts.
常見錯誤
6. the opening section of a tale, comedy bit, or presentation that provides backgro
鋪陳;開場
故事或笑話中提供背景的前段
the opening section of a tale, comedy bit, or presentation that provides background details before the main point
The comedian spent two minutes on the setup before delivering the funny punchline.
喜劇演員花了兩分鐘鋪陳,才說出好笑的結尾笑點。
contrast: setup vs punchline in a joke
The setup of the story introduces a young girl who finds a mysterious key.
故事的開場介紹了一名小女孩,她發現了一把神祕的鑰匙。
collocation: setup of the story
A good joke needs a short setup that makes the audience curious.
一個好笑的玩笑需要簡短的鋪陳,讓聽眾感到好奇。
After a long setup, the plot finally took an unexpected turn.
經過漫長的鋪陳之後,劇情終於出現了意料之外的轉折。
Amira remembered the setup of the movie but had forgotten how it ended.
Amira 記得電影的開場,但忘記了結局。
- introduction
more formal; used in essays and speeches
- lead-in
informal; emphasises that the part leads to something else
- premise
focuses on the core idea rather than the background exposition
文法句型
the + setup + of + noun
a + adjective + setup
用法筆記
Most commonly contrasted with 'punchline' in comedy or 'payoff' in storytelling. Can apply to any narrative form — films, books, jokes, or stand-up routines.
常見錯誤
7. the particular way that the different parts of a system, machine, or organizatio
配置;布局
系統或組織中各部分的安排方式
the particular way that the different parts of a system, machine, or organization are placed and connected so that everything works together
The office setup places all the desks near the windows for natural light.
辦公室的布局把所有書桌都放在窗邊,以便引入自然光。
collocation: office setup / network setup
Hiro changed the setup of the classroom so that students sat in small groups.
Hiro 改變了教室的配置,讓學生以小組方式就座。
The company's IT setup includes two servers and a backup system.
公司的 IT 配置包含兩台伺服器和一個備份系統。
Gabriel prefers a simple setup for his home recording studio with just one microphone.
Gabriel 偏好簡單的配置,他的家庭錄音室只有一支麥克風。
A good kitchen setup puts the stove, sink, and fridge close together.
良好的廚房布局會將爐台、水槽和冰箱放在彼此附近。
- configuration
more technical; used for computers and electronics
- layout
emphasises the physical arrangement of space rather than how parts work together
- structure
broader; can apply to organisations and abstract systems
文法句型
the + setup + of + noun
a + adjective + setup
用法筆記
Can describe physical layouts (office, computer system) or abstract structures (organisational hierarchy, software architecture). Often follows 'the setup of + noun'.
常見錯誤
8. a piece of work, business deal, or event that someone has organised and plans to
企劃;方案
有人著手安排的計畫或活動
a piece of work, business deal, or event that someone has organised and plans to do
Tunde told us about his new business setup selling handmade furniture online.
Tunde 跟我們說了他的新創業企劃——在網路上販售手工家具。
collocation: business setup
The whole setup for the charity run took three months of planning.
整個慈善路跑方案耗費了三個月的籌劃時間。
Cyrus is working on a setup to bring clean water to the mountain village.
Cyrus 正在籌劃一個方案,為山村帶來乾淨的飲用水。
Caio explained his setup for launching a new app by the end of the year.
Caio 解釋了他年底前推出新應用程式的企劃內容。
- project
more formal and concrete; implies clear goals and timeline
- undertaking
more formal; suggests something large or difficult
- venture
often used for business projects with financial risk
文法句型
a + setup + to + infinitive
用法筆記
Common in informal business or personal contexts to refer to a project that someone is actively organising. Slightly vaguer than 'project' or 'plan'; often implies the person is still getting things ready.
9. a dishonest plan that makes an innocent person appear guilty of a crime or wrong
陷害;栽贓
讓無辜者看似有罪的騙局
a dishonest plan that makes an innocent person appear guilty of a crime or wrongdoing so that they get into trouble
Megan insisted that someone had planted the stolen watch in her bag as a setup.
Megan 堅持認為有人把那隻被偷的手錶放進她的包包裡,是一場陷害。
collocation: be a setup / as a setup
Diya proved the drug test results were part of a deliberate setup by her rival.
Diya 證明藥檢結果是她的競爭對手刻意栽贓的一部分。
The lawyer argued that the evidence against his client was a total setup from start to finish.
律師主張對他當事人不利的證據從頭到尾都是一場陷害。
Eleni refused to sign the confession because she knew it was a setup by her rivals.
Eleni 拒絕在自白書上簽名,因為她知道這是她的競爭對手設下的陷害。
- frame-up
identical meaning; written with a hyphen for emphasis
- conspiracy
broader; implies multiple people working together, not necessarily against one person
- trap
focuses on the act of catching someone rather than making them look guilty
- acquittal
a court decision that someone is not guilty
文法句型
be a + setup
a setup to + infinitive
用法筆記
Distinguish from noun sense 5 (PLOT OR SCHEME), which covers any dishonest plan. This sense specifically involves making someone appear guilty of something they did not do. Common in legal drama and crime reporting.
常見錯誤
10. the fixed place where a camera is positioned to film a particular shot during a
攝影機位
拍攝特定鏡頭的固定位置
the fixed place where a camera is positioned to film a particular shot during a movie, TV show, or photograph
Tuan adjusted the camera setup to capture the sunset behind the mountains.
Tuan 調整了攝影機位,以捕捉山後的日落。
collocation: camera setup
The director asked for a different setup so that the actor's face was fully visible.
導演要求更換攝影機位,讓演員的臉完全看得見。
Felix moved the camera setup closer to the window for better lighting on the model.
Felix 將攝影機位移近窗邊,以便在模特兒身上取得更好的光線。
Each camera setup took about fifteen minutes to arrange before filming could begin.
每個攝影機位大約需要十五分鐘來布置,才能開始拍攝。
Élise marked each camera setup with tape on the floor for the crew to find fast.
Élise 用膠帶在地上標記每一個攝影機位,方便工作人員快速找到。
- camera position
more literal and transparent in meaning
- shot
refers to the final image recorded, not the physical placement of the camera
- angle
focuses on the direction of the camera rather than its location
文法句型
a + adjective + setup
from/across/in a + setup
用法筆記
Used on film and television sets. Each 'setup' refers to one camera position for one shot; a scene may require multiple setups. Different from sense 11 (STAGE SET), which refers to the scenery itself rather than the camera position.
11. the way that furniture, objects, and background items are placed on a stage or f
舞台布景
為呈現特定場景的舞台陳設
the way that furniture, objects, and background items are placed on a stage or film set to create the look of a specific place for a scene
Linh helped build the stage setup that turned the theater into a rainforest.
Linh 協助搭建了舞台布景,把劇院變成了一片熱帶雨林。
domain: stage setup in theater
The setup for the dinner scene included a long wooden table and six chairs.
晚餐場景的舞台布景包含一張長木桌和六張椅子。
collocation: setup for [specific scene]
Hiro painted the backdrop as part of the outdoor market setup for the school play.
Hiro 為學校話劇的戶外市集布景繪製了背景。
Between acts, the crew changed the entire stage setup in less than five minutes.
在幕間,工作人員在不到五分鐘內更換了整個舞台布景。
Gabriel checked each prop in the hospital room setup before the actors came on stage.
Gabriel 在演員上台前檢查了醫院病房布景中的每一樣道具。
- set
shorter form; used interchangeably in theater and film contexts
- scenery
focuses on the painted backdrop or landscape elements rather than furniture
- stage design
broader; includes lighting and overall artistic vision
文法句型
the + setup + of + noun
a + adjective + setup
用法筆記
Refers specifically to the visual arrangement on stage or in front of a camera. Unlike sense 7 (ARRANGEMENT), which describes functional layouts, this sense is about creating a believable fictional setting. The crew that builds it is called the 'set design' department.
12. the complete arrangement of plates, bowls, glasses, and cutlery placed on a dini
餐具擺設
一人用餐的碗盤與刀叉擺放
the complete arrangement of plates, bowls, glasses, and cutlery placed on a dining table for one person to eat a meal
Tunde placed a soup bowl to the left of each dinner setup.
Tunde 為每一套餐具擺設準備了一個湯碗放在左邊、一個水杯放在右邊。
collocation: table setup / each setup
The restaurant uses a three-fork setup for its formal dinner service.
這家餐廳的正式晚餐服務使用三叉餐具擺設。
Diya checked every table setup before the wedding guests arrived for the meal.
Diya 在婚宴賓客到來用餐前檢查了每一套餐具擺設。
A proper wine setup includes a glass for red and a narrower one for white wine.
一套像樣的葡萄酒餐具擺設包含一只紅酒杯和一只較窄的白酒杯。
Cyrus folded the napkins into swans for the holiday dinner setup at home.
Cyrus 把餐巾折成天鵝造型,作為家裡過年晚餐的餐具擺設裝飾。
- place setting
more common in American English; equally standard
- cover
professional restaurant term for one diner's complete setup
文法句型
a + adjective + setup
the + setup + for + noun
用法筆記
Common in restaurant, catering, and hospitality settings. Each diner's place is one 'setup'. Can also be called a 'place setting' in American English.
常見錯誤
13. a service in which a bar or restaurant provides a glass, ice, and a non-alcoholi
配酒服務
店家供杯、冰、飲料給自備酒客
a service in which a bar or restaurant provides a glass, ice, and a non-alcoholic drink to customers who bring their own bottle of liquor
The club charges $15 for a setup, so we brought our own bottle of whiskey.
這家俱樂部收取15美元的配酒服務費,所以我們自己帶了一瓶威士忌。
collocation: charge for a setup
Anthony ordered a setup with tonic water and a slice of lime.
Anthony 點了一份附湯力水和檸檬片的配酒組合。
The bartender brought Chidi a setup of ice, soda water, and a highball glass.
調酒師拿了一份冰塊、蘇打水和高球杯的配酒組合給 Chidi。
At the jazz lounge, a setup costs eight dollars and comes with fresh lime.
在這家爵士酒廊,配酒服務只要八美元,還會附上新鮮檸檬。
Many customers bring their own tequila and just pay for the setup.
許多客人自備龍舌蘭酒,只付配酒服務的費用。
- mixers
refers only to the non-alcoholic drinks, not the glass or ice
用法筆記
Mainly found in US bars and restaurants that offer BYOB (bring your own bottle) service. The customer brings a full bottle of liquor; the venue supplies the glass, ice, and mixers.
常見錯誤
14. the way a person stands or positions their body, including the straightness of t
姿勢;體態
站姿體態,含背、肩、腳的位置
the way a person stands or positions their body, including the straightness of the back and the placement of the shoulders and feet
The dance teacher corrected Asher's setup by pulling his shoulders back.
舞蹈老師把 Asher 的肩膀往後拉,糾正他的站姿。
Lakan's confident setup — straight back, chin up — made him look like a soldier.
Lakan 自信的體態——背部挺直、下巴揚起——讓他看起來像個軍人。
collocation: confident setup
A good golf setup starts with your feet shoulder-width apart and your knees slightly bent.
好的高爾夫預備姿勢是雙腳與肩同寬,膝蓋微微彎曲。
The physiotherapist told Ada that her sitting setup was putting pressure on her lower back.
物理治療師告訴 Ada,她的坐姿對下背部造成了壓力。
Boxers learn the correct setup from day one: feet apart, fists up, weight forward.
拳擊手從第一天起就要學正確的架勢:雙腳張開、拳頭舉起、重心向前。
- slouch
a poor or relaxed posture, opposite of an intentional, correct setup
用法筆記
Commonly used in sports coaching (golf, boxing, tennis) and physical therapy. Often refers to the starting position before a movement or action.
常見錯誤
15. the set of natural qualities, abilities, and weaknesses that form the basic char
體質;本質
人或事物天生的特質、能力與弱點的總和
the set of natural qualities, abilities, and weaknesses that form the basic character of a person or the basic structure of a thing
Hyun's emotional setup makes him quick to anger but also quick to forgive.
Hyun 的情感體質讓他容易生氣,但也很快就原諒別人。
collocation: emotional setup
The psychological setup of the character in the novel is shaped by a difficult childhood.
小說裡角色的心理本質是由坎坷的童年塑造出來的。
Darius's genetic setup includes a rare trait that lets him digest lactose easily.
Darius 的基因體質包含一項罕見的特質,讓他可以輕鬆消化乳糖。
The mental setup of a successful entrepreneur includes a high tolerance for risk.
成功企業家的心理本質包含對風險的高度容忍。
Élise's whole emotional setup changed after she started therapy and learned to manage stress.
Élise 開始接受治療、學會管理壓力之後,整個情感體質都改變了。
- constitution
more formal; often used for physical or mental health (a strong constitution)
- makeup
slightly less formal; very close in meaning to this sense of setup
- nature
emphasizes inborn qualities rather than learned traits
用法筆記
Frequently used with adjectives describing a domain (emotional, genetic, mental, psychological). Refers to inherent or long-term characteristics, not temporary states.